orchid

Here, we sampled all animals that were found on or between the stems and leaves of an orchid stand.

The orchid's fauna consisted almost entirely of web-building spiders, who can rely on self-made structures for a living, and ants, which were probably foraging workers.

The time from seed germination lớn the delivery of the surviving plants lớn the orchid galleries varied from 1 year lớn 18 months.

Thus, some proportion of a fruit fly population may not visit orchids if other plant species are available.

The orchids, attached lớn substrates, hố from the wires that tư vấn the palm-leaf roof.

The mortality rates of these nonsymbiotically propagated, epiphytic orchids during the acclimatization phase, prior lớn these experiments, were high, between 60 and 90%.

Unfortunately though, in the absence of specialist local knowledge, species-level identification of the orchid pollinaria is difficult.

Although only direct observation will provide a conclusive answer, we suspect that many more flies visit orchids phàn nàn are subsequently caught bearing pollinaria.

We can learn from the orchids and the butterflies, just as we can consider the forest enveloping them.

In both cases, missing leaf area was l ow in the orchids and bromeliads.

Evolutionary demography of orchids: intensity and frequency of pollination and the cost of fruiting.

Epiphytic orchids are effectively mechanical parasites, they require other plants as supports but tự not extract nourishment from their tư vấn plants.

We opened the orchid pseudobulbs with pruning shears.

Analysis of flies bearing pollinaria, therefore, offers an indirect means of assessing the occurrence of fruit fly visitation lớn orchids.

With few exceptions, the orchids contributed essentially (20-50%) lớn the number of vascular epiphyte species.