Câu IV đề Hàn ThuyênRead the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet lớn indicate the correct answer lớn the following questions. A small but growing group of scholar, evolutionary, psychologists, are being lớn sketch the contours of the human mind as designed by natural selection. Some of them even anticipate the coming of a field called "mismatch theory", which would study maladies resulting from contrasts between the modern environment and the "ancestral environment". The one we were designed for. There is no shortage of such maladies lớn study, Rates of depression have been doubling in some industrial countries roughly every 10 years. Suicide is the third most common cause of death among young adults, after xế hộp wrecks and homicides. Evolutionary psychology is a long way from explaining all this with precision, but it is already shedding enough light lớn challenges some conventional wisdom. It suggests, for example, that the nostalgia for the nuclear family of the 1950s is in some way misguided - that the model family of husband at work and wife at trang chủ is hardly a "natural" and healthful living arrangement, especially for the wives. Moreover, the bygone lifestyles that tự look fairly natural in light of evolutionary psychology appear lớn have been eroded largely by commercialism. Perhaps the biggest surprise from evolutionary psychology it its depiction of the "animal" in us. Freud, and various thinkers since, saw "civilization" as an oppressive force that thwarts basic animal instincts and urges and transmutes them into psychopathology. However, evolutionary psychology suggests that a larger threat lớn metal health may be the way civilization thwarts civility. There is a gentler, kinder side of human nature, and it seems increasingly lớn be a victim of repression in modern society.
Câu 1: Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?
A. How evolutionary psychology manages modern society.
B. The problems of illness caused by modern society.
C. The importance of ancestral environment.
D. Evolutionary psychologists' views on the nuclear family.
Câu 2: The word "contour" in line 1 is closest in meaning lớn ____________ .
A. outlines
B. limits
C. actions
D. structures
Câu 3: According lớn the passage, the death of many young people in industrial countries is mainly caused by _____________ .
A. traffic accidents
B. murder
C. depression
D. suicide
Câu 4: The word "one" in line 4 refers lớn the ______________ .
A. mismatch theory
B. field
C. ancestral environment
D. modern environment
Câu 5: It can be inferred from the passage that evolutionary psychologists dislike nostalgia for the 1950s because __________ .
A. family life was seen lớn be unnatural.
B. It was an unhealthy time lớn live
C. the nuclear family provided an unsatisfactory lifestyle.
D. women who wished lớn go out lớn work were misguided.
Câu 6: The word "bygone" in line 11 could be replaced by _________ .
A. past
B. forgotten
C. overlooked
D. original
Câu 7: According lớn the passage, Freud and other psychologists thought civilization ___________ .
A. encouraged people lớn use the basic instincts
B. showed that people have animal instincts.
C. caused madness in some people.
D. greatly improved people's lives.
Câu 8: In this passage, the word "civility" in line 16 is closest in meaning lớn ___________ .
A. politeness
B. morality
C. courtesy
D. formality
Câu 9: In the passage, evolutionary psychologists suggest that in modern society _________ .
A. people's better natures are denied
B. repressed people are kind and gentle
C. people suffer from repression
D. victims are always punished
Câu 10: Where in the passage does the author suggest a conflict between the ways of living?
A. lines 13-14
B. lines 9-12
C. lines 2-4
D. lines 16-17
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